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Cyprus
tCotrti,wt'd fl'()m
paf.~
J)
tjuarry. plus 1he
i~land
state's two
mom tounsl areas of
Kyrenia ond
Fama.gusla. lht
laner
also serving
.as thc nation's
1-nain porc
and in·
du~trial
centcr.
lf
a
~imilar
Greek Cypnm
stare
, ..ere to be rormcd in the rema1nder
of thc
LSI~uld. ~ues.l!ed
Denktash.
1hcn the_h''O state:, could coopera1c
as ..
pannc~. "
No word
was
men–
uoned.
howev~r.
aboul
1hc return
or
GrceJ., refugees to their homes.
propertíe:-.. and
bu~10tS~s
wuhin
1he confincll of lhc newly proposed
Turkish st.w:. nor of .any
h!'tm:,
of
compen~a110n
for
properrics lost
as
a
re~ult
ofthc
diVISIOO.
Not surprbingly. the
Turki..~¡h
tle–
CISion was rnet
by
uppo~ition
and
ou1rage on
che
¡>J:trl
of
thc Orecks.
Despite Amenean and Bmish
C\ln–
demnahon of the prodamntion.
Grecks
on
the
mainlttnd and
Greck
('ypnot" on Cyprus
dcmon.str~ued
~g~inst
those countries' tmbn-.sies
and
OOI\Slllate~.
Archb1shop tl-'13·
l.:3nO~.
electcd
prcsidcnt
or
Cypru~.
announced
that
Greek Cypriots
werc dcternuoed tO prevent the di·
\•ision
of Cypru$ into sepamte scg·
ments..
Denktash
·s
prochunauon
carne
wilh
the
approval
of
mainl;1nd Tur·
key'.!t rulers. Ankara•s suppor!
sccms
to
be
ued to the cut-{)ff or
U.S. miJitary aid
10
Turkcy which
wenc
i1HO
etfec1
only ctg.ht
days ear·
her.
The nnnouncemem
was
pre–
ceded
by
the cancellation or
ncgotiations m
Bru~-sels
bctwcen
Turki.s.h
Foreign Minister Melih
Esanbel and U.S. Sccretary of
S
tate
Hcnry K1s.singer.
Dr. Kissinger. hompcred by an
uncooperative
Cong.rcss.. secms no1
only unablc to get serious negotia·
tions between
Tur'kis.h and
Greck
CypriolS
movmg
toward
any
scule·
ment, but •s also hard pressed to
preserve the
southea~tern
nank of
NATO. Doth allies (Greece and
Turkey}
a~e
pointing u.cxusing 6n·
gtrs ;u \Vashington for
be~raying
them. Thelr future role in NATO's
defense perimeter
is a1
prcsent
a
quesrion
mar-k.
The biggest single e(fect
<>f
thc
Cyptus crisis. in
fs.et.
may be what
it threatcns to do to the North
At–
lanuc alliaoce. Both Grtc<.--e and
Turkey are two of the mosl Slfatc–
gicaUy located counmes in
NATO.
The Greek position on Easrern Eu–
rope's son undcrbelly. and the
Turkish control of the Bosporus
and the Dardanclles.
as
wcll
as
her
p~o-'imity
lo thc Soviet
UniOil,
are
key factors in the secumy poMurc
of Western Europe.
Wuh the
advent
o(
the
Cyprus
tlare-up. gaping boles have ripped
opcn NATO's southern dc:fenscs.
Greecc is in military limbo. Turkey
in military
is.olarion.
The
ne:w
Athens government has withdrawn
HS armed forccs from the alliance.
while Ankara has warned that Tur·
key
might not hve up
to
all
of
its
treaty
obligations.
Thus, the w:..r that has split
Aphrodite"s fonnerly tranquil isle
has also split 1he West(rn alliance.
Unless the situauon is rcvcrsed.
NATO could
be
threatentd with
total
dissolution of its vital
position
in the Eastcm Mcditerrnnean.
-Chris Pauon
4
Warldwalall
by
Gene H Hogberg
Disarming Delusions
The Unncd Nations D1sarmament Commmcc has begun
it~
14th year ofdeliberations in Ceneva- with prospects of succc.-.
as
bleak as tho>e ofthc past thirtccn.
The representativos. of coursc. express the usual diplomatic
opumtsm. At lcast thc
síze
of the committee is growing. with five
new mcmber o.ations JOining. the twcnty·five Olher participums in
1hc 1alks.
Los Angeles
Tim~s
<'Orrespondcnl Don Cook. however.
notes a certain irony in the makeup ofthc new membcrs:
"The newcomers to disarmament are Eas1 Germany. whose
m1litary forces have shot more pcople on its borders than
any
other
counlry
m
Europe; West Germany. which has the largest mili1ary
ex.pcnditure of any nalion 1n Europe outs1dc thc Soviet Union:
lran. which now
is
engaged in the biggcst mili1ary bu•ldup
on
the
Middle East: Zaire. where
a
military regimc
run~
thc larges1 of 1he
Afncan states. and Peru. wbere another military regune recen1ly
crushcd anll·govcrnmeot rioting.··
The world as a whole. if one looks at it opcnmindedly. •s
movmg in 1he exac1 opposite direction of disarmamcn1. Every–
where plowsharcs are being hammercd into swords (Jocl
3:
10).
World sale. of convcnlionaJ arms are soaring. and 1he containment
of nuclear weapons is on thc verge
or
being blown opcn. with
nations. large and small. now lhreatening to "go nuclear...
11
appea.r;, thcre is nolhing 1he harried expens engagcd '" the
various
disarmamcnt. troop reduction. and continental
"secunty"
conferences
can doto stcm the
onrushing
worldwide momenturn
to
arm
10 1he hill.
SALT (Sirategic Arms Limitation Talks) ts hardly wonh a
single grain. And the staJema1ed, ridiculously labellcd Eas1-West
"MURFAAMCE.. confercnce (Mutual Reduction
of
Forces and
Armament$ and Associated Measures in Central r:urope}. whi<'h 1
aucndcd in Vicnna in the autumn of 1973, could jusi as wcll
be
called "MORE FARCE," for a l11he
good
i1 has accomplished.
When will lhe nations realizc 1ha1 lhe way 10 peace (which
1hey don'l know- lsa.
59:8)
cannol be achicved lhrough furiously
arming for war -
and
talking hypocrilically about d isarmament
once everyone's quivers are full?
Angry Turkey
(CominuMfrom pagt 1)
suicide." nn authoritalive !>Ource
said. " In the event of war. they
would
be
prime targcts," the wurce
addcd.
Defense Minister Hhami Sanear
has rcpcatcdly strcssed lhll Turkey
must now go forward wilh dcvel·
oping
its
own arms and aviation
induslries. no mauer
wh~u
Con·
grcs.s decides. \Vith its limited
resources. however. Turkcy is un–
likely lo make any sudden progrc,;s
either
toward a
domestic \\'ar
in–
dustry or
tow;.~r<l
nuclear arma.
men1s
and
must. 10
the
meanume.
depend on its European NATO al·
líes 10 help flll thc gap leO by the
United Statcs.
Since the aid cut. weapons deal–
ers -
some govemmcnt approved.
othcrs more dubious operators -
have fiocked to Ankara to peddle
wares
ranging from bulletS ro so·
phislicated jet fighters .
Feel Betrayed
The Turks are oonfident that
they can repair the military dam–
age and keep up crediblc national
defenses, apart from thcir
Nt\
TO
and U.S. commitmcnls. The psy·
cholog•cal damagc. 1hcy say.
has
gonc
n~uch
dceper.
Thc aid
cut produced a liule–
disguised sense
or
beu-ayal among
1
he
Turks.
who had come 10 regard
Washing1on as
a kmd of
benevo–
lent goose la:ying an uncnding
se~
ries orgolden cggs.
..\Ve lrusted
the
American~.
Wc
were Joya! allies.. a_nd slill are. We
undertook to dcfend rront
4
Jine
po–
shions
in
the name
of
NATO's
securuy. wh1ch
IS
jusc
as
importam
to Amcrica as to us. Then Con–
gress did chis." a senior of5cial
said.
Wbat smaned mos1 with the
Turks - a ptoud nation. despitc
eoonomic ills -
w~
that Congress.
in thcir vicw, was trying to bJack–
mail them. reg.ardfcss
of
ford
nd~
miniscration assurances to the
C..'Ontrary. Cong.ress had threatened
to severaid ir lhere was no progrcss
toward a Cyprus settlcment by
February
5.
~rile
govemment herc has made
it
'-icar that
11 is still
ready
10
ncgo–
tiate a Cyprus peace and wants the
U.S. embargo lifted. but will cm–
bar_k
on a
new mdependent
lia\C'
aOer 25 years of being rogarded as
little more 1hao a political light–
weight wonh cultivating ror
il$
strategic position.
ISRAEL SEEKS
THEPEACEOF
"SALAAM"
by NormanCousins
JERUSALEM: Israel was the
fi.
nal stop on my trip to the Middlc
East.
11 qurdly
became apparcnt to
O\e thnt. despitc us unily of na·
tiooal purpose. Israel
i~
ont
t)f
•he
most
pluralistic socieucs
an 1he
world.
The
diVcrsity ts
rcfttcted
not
juSI
in backgrounds
but
tn
ide-3s
and
outlooks.
few govcrnl'nenl) in
the
wocid
receivt" more v3ricgated. insistent
aod ong.mal advice rrom theír cili–
zcns, than
doe~
lsraeL Ytt. under–
neath all the ¡>()lítieal nudging and
pu~h•ng
1$ •• slow and
st~ady
hc:m·
bea1. Therc ib a manifest sett.sc c•f
dangcr
but
no
~tl.SC
or
panic. The
surrounding
pressurcs reg¡ster fully
on
thc mdividual and
th~
colleCti\'C
con,Sciousness. but
1h.:y
prodt1ce no
confu!)ion or dcspa1r.
Few nations today impose us:
much
austerity
on thcir citiz.cns as
does Israel.
Tax<.~
on ga.solinc.
:IU•
tomob1l~
tclephone-.. tobacco.
h·
quor. entenatnment eleclritity
and
tnoome$ make the taxes '" the
Uni ced
Suuc~ ~ce
m
likc
sma 11
changc.
1
henrd a great
many t."()m·
plaints about governn1en1 pol•cy
but
001
a
smgte C'Otnplaint about
taxC'S
or austerity
in
gene
mi.
The mood is $Omlx:r but rcso·
lute.
World
cvents in rccent monlhs
havc givcn thc lsrCiclis a fee1ing of
gnm isolauon. 1'here
is
il
sens:e that
a great
P."''
of the rest of thc world
would juSI as soon hand over she
State of Israel to the Arabs in return
ror oil
ravors.
Many lsraclls reel they havc
been thrown allthe way back to 1he
lime when lhey had to argoe the
c.ase for lheir existence. Often dur–
ins
my
\'ÍSi l
my mind tumcd to the
famous cartoon
by
David Low
in
the
Lt>nd()tr Et•euing Standard
shortly afler the fall of PranC.."C in
•he Seoond World War. Thc car–
toon showed a
single
British soldier
standingon the blull$ ofDover and
shaking a fist
at
a c:rowd
of
cnemy
planes. The caption said simply.
..Very wcll.
Jlone,'"
0(
oourse. Israel is not com–
J)letely alone. The military u.id u
h;~s
beco rccc1ving from the United
States has kept il going. Neutrnl
milit<tty observers believe 1hat
Israel has the
best~trained
and
cquipped army in the Middle East
and
ls
capable
of
u:tking on three
or
four advcrsarics s1muhaneousJy. so
Ctoser
Arab
Ti
es
At the .samc ume. Ankara is ex–
pe:ctcd to display a new skeptitlsm
in
its
relations with the \Vese and to
cultivate eloser. but not binding ties
with the Arabs.
Tbls would s1rike a balance be·
tween Ankara's friendships with
and necd of the technologically ad–
vunced West 3nd the prospecc
or
new economic possibilitit"S orrercd
by the oil-rich. if ideologically op–
posed Arabs.
The move roward 1he Arubs has
long as thr s:utprist factor in any
auack
~~
not critícal.
The b•g question belllg asked by
the ouLSide world. or coursc. is:
Under what cireumstances would
lsntd
rcturn the occupaed tcrri·
cories?
The
answer
r
got was that
lsratl
Í$
prerarcd to g.ivc up virtunlly all
the C3pturcd land
in
rcturn
ror gt:n•
uinc reoognítion and
adc<tu:.uc
as·
surances
o(
nonbelligercncc.
Aharon Yariv, minister of infor·
mation.
tm:d to
define whnt
was
mcant
by
a
··genuine
pe\lcc." He
said thc
Arabie
Jang,uage
had two
words ror peaec:
(sulh)
and
(SO·
laam), S111J1
means the end or hos·
lilities
or a 1ruoe.
Salaam
rneans an
endunng peaceful relatconship
based un mu tual rcspect. Thc
lsraelics rcjcct the
peace of
sulh
and
sed.
lhc
peaceof
saloam
1 asked whether Israel would
~e>
cept an intcmalionalized peace
force
10
guaramee and patrol
thc
borders..
The answet wa$ that patrolled
bordcrs
rnn
counter
ro
what thc
lsraelis
regard as truc peaoc.
They
wanl opcn lx>rders. full exchange
of
goods..
1deas and people
and m
u~
tu<~l
undenaking:..
Sulh
call) for
border patrols.
Salttam
cal!.!: for
oondirions
that make
p:urols
un~
nectssary.
Here. too. rhe Jsraclis prefer
!OO·
lttam.
1
a~ktd
whcthcr
thue:
w~
:my
possibility that Israel would agree
to a scpamte st:ue for 1hc Palestin·
ians.
pcrhap~
on
the
We-st
Sank
What
ooncerned thc rsraelis wa)
the viahility
of a separate PaJesun·
ian
Statc.
Howcvcr. they believe
11\at
if
a11
agrecment could
be
worked
out
betv.·een
a
Pateslinmn
statc on the West Bank and Jordan.
perhap$
a
long thc lines ora redera–
tion. the gencr:.l situation ora sep·
arate
stace
ror che Pfile$11nians
m1gh'
work.
In any pcace seulement. rom–
pensacion
to
lhe Pales.tini(ln.S
for
the1r homes and propercy would
be
a reasonable expectation. Israel
\\'Ould a lso expcc1 to raise
the
qutS–
tion of oompensation
for the lost
properties
of
Jcws
who fted to
Israel from
the
Arab countries.
How
does Israel reac1
10
Secre·
tary
of
S1a1e 1-ttnry
Kissmger·~
st<p·by-step approach?
lsr3eli govemmen1
offic1als
say
tha1 some parts of Lhc problem
re–
quire • slcp-by·step approach.
They reel. hOWC\'er. tha1 thc total
situauon could
faU
apar1
if
sorne
steps nre less solid than other,;.
In any even1. the Jsraehs wcl–
come Dr. Kissinger's iniltalives. ...
Thcy scc
no allem:.nive.
O
alrcady bcen foreshadowed by eco-
1\0mic
o.greementS with Libya and
the start of work on a Turco-- lraq'
pipeline aarrying
oil
from the well$
of Northern ltaq 10
1he
Mediltrra~
nean.
..lf Fra.nce can rernain loyal 10
the West and still cultivate tl\e
Arabs. lhcn why not Moslem Tur–
key'!' '
one diplonHH hert said.
acknowledging meanwhile
that
the
descendants of the
Ottoman
prinees súll had a deep mistrusl or
their former Arab undcrlings. O
lft411ft4l"fii!U'IIK f-.2if<llht<'lt
1.19?S.
WEEK ENDINO MARCH 22.
1975