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BUREAU REPORTS
Devastating
Floods Hit
South Africa
JO
JI
\NNfSBURG 0cva>–
t"'''"8
ftaods
ha..,~
uc-e:ntly swept
l:trtt
lrt.ai
ur South "fric.t.
Un·
preccdentcd
r.J1n"
hJ'-'C pushed the
V:tal. Ol•phanl, Klip and other nv·
Cl'\ f01r Jbovc
thCif
banh.
forcmg
CYiltU,ItiOO
C)f
lhOU\iJild,
in
lhc
Jow•
1)'108
J((:J).
In mtmy part:.
or
thc counuy
farmlnnd( h:w..: b<en inundatcd.
l' h1~
1'
c~pccially
the case in
tht
"M
Oll<
frlongle" Soulh Africa\
ni.&JOr nM1te producmg arca. As a
resuh of 1he'e
ftood~>
ll has tx:en
estom.lled 1ho1 lh<
1975
<rop has
b<cn
r<~U<cu
b) 30 m1llion
bogs_
Pr.me
Mlntsttr
John Vorster
wa.~
wM.cd
10
ded.tre thc
'tnden
to" n
o(
Standenon a da.saster area. Oam–
ag(' there ' ' n11m.atM to
be
m ex·
c.n.
or
h\C~
million rand) (7.2
m•lhon
doll<~.n)
A1r
Force and
uther
m11itar)
untt~
havc bccn
called upon 1u help m cvacuations
and h>
~uppl)'
dnnking water and
other
rehcf~rvtc~
Ltulle McCullough
Europe's Bad
Weather Adds to
World Food
Worries
BRU~t,LS
A re.-ord amoun1
o(
ramralt dumped on Ccnual
Eu–
ropc\
ftmts 1h1s
put au10mn has
upw:t normal
lsnc-uhura1
p:mcm~
- and
could
C3U\C:
scrious crop
probl<m' dunng
1975
Cen1rall)
lcx.ucd
Uci!IUM,
ror
t>:3mplc. rc–
portcd a
record
81d•ys
of ratnfall
dur.ng the
91
days of Sep1cmb<r.
October.
ottld
November
of
l.;t.,.t
yc:ur
Only the folct
th~t
thcrc was no
heavy
freeu
befo~
the new
yee~r
nllowcd \ug.or heet and potato
farmcl')
lo
w,1dc mto
chear
muddy
hdd~
and excracl what was saJ–
...aac..
blc
An
agronomi"St with
the
Torlemonl
'"~'-"
rcfincry (BclglUm)
st:llcd: ··wc
had unbc:hc\able
lucl..
"')1
h>
h.a\C:
had '
freezc~
il \loOu.ld
ha"c b«'n
cata,.uophu:
on 10p ofan
alruuy
~d..,.,.,
. ...
Su&or b<ciS -
a
maJOr prodliC<
ttem
for Europe
"''"«
Napoleon
do.ed 1he t>orders 10 1mponed
\UJ,ar
canc
more Lhan a ceniU.ry and
~
half •so wcrc sull b<ing dug
out
1n
carly January of
chis
ye...
r
(though 1he normal harve>l usually
cnds in m•d·Deccmber).
This extended
~euson
is pu.shing
up
COSl)
(or
everyone
from the
(armer lO the f.o:ctory 10 the COn–
sumcr fanner.;
and
othcr
smaJim–
"·escors
have had to use
two
and
three
11mes the
numbcr of
lia.ctors
lO pull form machmery through
lh<or mor•d ficltb Crop loss
has
WEEK
fNOING MARCH
22- 1915
bcen csurnacc'l
.-1
un)'wher~
from
5%
to
ICfl.
on
httchcr
ground
and
AA 10
6<n- '"
bouy lov.·ly•ng
fidd,_
Q,crall )•<id
(or
B<lg.um
IS
do"n b<t"ccn
IN
ond
13'f
Thc
MJUn~
o(
tr.1ctor1 and hou·
\.CSt v.<tgorh dNntn¡
on
1nco
the
.,:mtcr
mgh1 h.a, b«n common–
placx
ft
Wl\ llOI URU)Ul.l lO SCC
farmcr~ ~~orL•na
late
hand–
cxtrac.un&
the 5ugar
beeb
b\
ene
lighc
ur th<:u
tr.tctor
ht.tdlim~.
Soldtcrs
.1nd
\tudent~r~
v.crt pre\S.Cd
tnto
~C-1"\'ICC
a' farmen. ru<>ed to
C'X.•
tract
thctr
crop\ from
che
eanh
be–
rore
d hCr.i\
y
(reC/C
lockcd
In
thear
produt.-e
Thc cx tr.1 nHtChinery. tuJt.lcd
manpo\l.cr
co~h
1.1nd addiuonal
fuél
l'Oil\U111plu.)O
(Or
tr.tCIOr
and
1ruru.pon
all
i'C''"'
10 h•gher
food
cosb tn
Furopc
Whaa
'"11
rcmatn)
on
unknown
~~
thc
ulcnl
of dam..!.e
10
w1l
slructurt:
cau\Cd
b)
the
C':\tt~sn·t:
nunfolll.
What
t)
cen:un. u.ued
one
•gronom~t.
as th;u
the
1o01l ha) b«n
badly
dama1ed
due:
to thc
tr3m•
phng cffm
of
hca'
y
famt
machin–
<1) on
-~·~
ground. The oxyg•n
oontcnt
o(
the
plow li.I)Cr
ha\
becn
almot:t
c.."Omrteccl)'
destro)ed.
Anothcr
agronom•~•
cold rne he
fch the damagc
would
cxtcnd
ou
1
0\Cf
thc
RC),I
$
10
10
)C.J~
Y..lth
1.1
2()'.;
tO
25%
lo"' m the cxpcctcd
J
ul) -Augu:,t whcoc
ero
p. Sowing
of
thi '\o crop.
w•hich
nurmully
follo''-:.
~ugar
beet)
hcrc
on the romuon
'J.Ch..:úulc.
hr~'
bccn
d afficuh
if
not
lffip<)\.\tbh:
Thc
Btlxm;h~
8M"nbtmd
(che
larg~t
farmc:r)· or¡Jnll.llltOn
m
Bclg•um
1
rtpo>rl> lh>l onl)
4lr.
of
the
oamount
of
"'tntcr
"'heat
~
n a
~ear
.1&0
h3}
bccn
SO\\
n
~
f.u
lhJS
year
duc h• lhc
t.:ondttton of
thc
':!Otl. 1-"or
wmccr
Nrlc~
ah.e
rigurc lS
al<o
wa)
down onl) •boul
60%.
Belgium.
northcrn
Fr.tnc."e~
thc
Ncthcri.Jncb
4nd
part'
of Gcrmany
are
lhe
Ct.1Untrtes
mos1
~ertously
af.
fcc ted.
Whcn
'1ewcd
a~
patl of •he
worldwide
~lt~:ncullura l
paeture.
the
OCCt:$Sil)
ror good
Atnencan.
Ca–
nadian.
o1nd
;.\1'genr1ne
crop:. 1n
1975
b«omc) tluu
much
rnore cru–
Cial
- Ray Kosanka
WhyAmerica
Can No Longer
Depend on
Canadian Oil
VANCOUV(R Thc Uniltd
Stales
was
shoc~ed
'" la1e
1974
wath
1he
annnuncc:ment
by
the
Ca–
nadion governmcnt that
it
wa.; •m–
mcdintcly anilioung
a
cut
in oil
expon< to the
Unated
State'>.
nnd
that wlthin
~C:\'en
years all such
sale! would
be
dascontanued en–
urely.
Many '" the U.S. could no1 un·
dcrsta.nd
the
Canadaan
vicwpo1nt.
Thoy feh 1herc mu>l b< .omc pcr–
:iOnal rea.son
for thc
action
1t
had
been l:tS.Sumed
that
Canada h;l\
\'lht
reserves
of
01 1n wc:stcn\
Ca1lnda
In
addi110n
very pronhStng devel·
opment
prOJ<.~I\
wcre
J)I'OJCCted
for
tht
Arc:tic
rcg•on
as well
l' 'i
10
1he
Athabasca
oil
sand~
rcgion of
northern
Al berta.
A
NatJonal
E.ncrgy
Board
)tudy
lru.t Noventbcr. howcver. \hed
new
hghc on
1he
51tuatton h
re...
u1cd
that C'anadi.an re,ene... ,.ere
drop–
ptn.&
10 the potnt
-·herc
C.anad~
will
no
longcr
be
produceng more
o•l tbao
n
consume\
b) m•d·l9n –
onJ~· t~o ~ca~
hencc
fhc repon
rK"Ommcndtd
lh.JI
fo~t_gn wl~
sbould b< phascd ou1 oomplctcly
by 1982.
Energy
Mlnl~tcf
Oonald
Mc.Donald rcccnlly
iodld
on
41 oA·
tionwide
tCICYISion
1Rltr\'IC\lo
1
lhdt
Canada would
ha\C to
mve4il
100
billion
dolhu~
in
cxplomtion ovcr
the
next JO
yc.tr,\
m urdtr 10
lx·
t!Omc
an
cnergy
cxpor1er
unce
•gain by
198S.
Accord1ng 10
C'"arlc:u-.n Unwcr·
::.1ty profe.)sor
Kcnncth Nonh.
m3n)
Canad1an
otl
rldd'
w1ll
)lart
ruoning dt)
1n
2
~ca"
and rcpl;tCC·
menl.) cannot
be
found
1n umc:
Ht
.also a.sscned
th..
t
e~llmJt~
Cl(
both
thc Arcuc
re~f'\b .t~nd th~
A.lbcna
oil
sands
ha\e
bccn
blo""n out
of
•11
propon1on
Also.
"noe
1966. lhc
<uc
of<'•n>d>'<
pro,·en
rescn
Cll
hnc droppcd
from
10.4
b1lhon b•rreb 10
H
~
b•lhon
barrel.!o and are droppmgmore c"'cry
}"Catas
u~e
outStrip$
d i~O\Crl c'.
Thc Arettc cxplorut•on
t4i
JU'l
111
1CS
beganntng
~ugc~
wllh
the
amount
or
vil
l'c~ervc41
litrgely
unknown. In the bttter Arctic r..:–
g.ions. thc: oil
compJnte\
fuce munv
problem;. bolh fin•nc1al.md ph)<l·
cal.
E"cn 1f
thcr<"
..re va't rtser'\t\
in
the Art11c.
h1~h produ~uon
.tnd
trotnsponat•on
~h ~
1ll mJkc H
\Ct)'
dtffic:uh
ror
the
od'"""'m~n•C"$
co
'Sho~
a profil
C'\-CR at
che
prc~nt
m6al«<
"orld rnce
of
oll
Thc
ro~)
pn>mt"c:\
held
out fllr
1he Albob.l.sca
011
'dnd> pm¡m.
una-
hoped 10
be
lhe
pana«a
10
1he
tnC'"r&)
crt~l!.
v.uh
C"\1tma1cs.
orig.inall)
runntns h
htjh
J\
250_()()(1
bllhon barrel\ uf Ull re•
serve. ha\'e
btc11
Vtl\ll) \Ca lc:d
down. Th< l31eM l!ncrgy
DepJrl–
ment eMimutc
t~
22
billion
bnrrels.
- a drop
or
over
m !
Reccntly the
lnrge Antcr1can
Rich6eld
0•1
C"on¡oruum pulled
out
o(
the o1l sands
\Cheme
st.ll•
ing
as
thctr
rtJ.SOn
thc cSQhwng
«>SI
of de' clopmg lhc pr.>¡«l The
Canadtan federal
&0\Cmmcnt.
a>
wcll
as
thc Albcna
Qn~
Ont:ano
pro'"•ncial
go\·crnment\, had to
come 10 1hc fCl.C\IC b)' otrc:un! to
6nancc:
:1()%
o(
lb< proJCCI
E'
en
af CU$.t) v.cre co stab1hze JI
lhc
C\JJTtnt pncc..
lt
~111
CCXI 0\Cf
$8 a barrcl to cxtr.act 11 frum
the
o
al
sa.nds. Tbt.S
n1c.tns
that
wllh
ta).cs,
profil$. and Olh<r
overhea~.
1he
compamcs. and
thc
Canadittn
sov–
crnment w1ll find tt vcrv d1fficuh 10
sell the oil
c:ven
:ti
cúrrem
world
prices.
In
suan.
the Un11cd State¡,.
can
no
longer
eontinuc
to look
north
10
Canada
for bountiful f\nurc sup·
plies of 011. And >hould Canada
onee ag.ain berome
an
uporter or
oit
lhc
u_s.
may
no1 b< 1ha1 "ell
pl..,..d w11h
the
pncc
lag
-O.MWII.Son
ART BUCHWALD
Getting
the Right Man
fortheJob
WASHINGTON Th< n<,., th•l
the txrense
Depanmcnt
wa.i
ht~~tkl·
eng
out
contraC'ts
10
pnute
firml
ló
tra1n
sold1ers
aod .a1rmcn
1n
che
~hddle
E.u.t
10
dc:fcnd
1he1r
,·ul
field.s
3&311\SI
tu
shoo$.
me
up
.t
hule.
But Muldoon
m.-cr al 1be Pcnlt'
gon told me noL to worry.
..Why shouldn'c
1
worry~"
l
~J1tl
··one
day Kassinger says
1f
thc
Arabs
strang.le
Ullo we rni¡ht
havc
tO
take thc o il fíe lds. and thc 1ac:x1 th.t )
you peoplc are
announcing
th.u
you· rc: hand1ng ouc conmtcl\ 10
teacb
the oiJ
produce~
how
10
~o
pe
wtth
a
forcign
attack."
··wc·re
oot \tup1d.'"
Muldoon
;.aad "Of COUf'\e
~,~,c·n:
traman@:
Ara~
to
defcnd
them.scht~
But
thafs
pan
o(
our
O\'tr.all "\tratcgy
wc·re
ccachmg
thc:m
ho~
co
)hoot
h•S.h
'O
ir thcy e\·cr ha\oe
to
11rc
at
OUT
boys
thC)
·11
MISS US-
-·No
l•dd•ns,"
1sa•d
·•t.ook. we had lo malc
;a
dc:c•–
'IOn
01bout 3
ycar
ago. DCI \\·C
~r.atn
che
otl·producmg
nat 1on~
1n
tht
an~
of modern warfare or do wc
lel
sotnebody clse
do
u?
Thc: con–
\Cit~U)
wa ... th:u
11
was
belH:r
for
U\
10
get
the
contracts
than
the
Frcnch
or che Soviets. Buc our
pc:e~ple
de
cided to h1re •nstructur!t who
d1dn' t
LOO\\
whnt thC:) wc:rc domg. For
e'ample. we found one A1r
force
ordnanc:c man "'ho
al~a)-'
loadcd
nusslfcs on
our
pi~OC'.S
b.td\\Jrd
10
t"e>
\\O
u
Id
firc
m
thc "ron& daro:–
IIOn. He\ been pul
en ch;ar¡c
of
mstructJOg Arab ordn.ance mcn
un
ho•
to arm
ahetr
plan(.).
··sy
1ucl.
\\C
found
a (ormer
\C\:•
nnd
hcutenant
-.ho
~·as
"'·ashed out
of
1he Atr
Force n;wigallon pro·
gr.1m
rour
ttmes. He is teachmg.
Arnb
~IT
(orce
IOStructors
how to
tly
10 bad
wc~thcr:·
..rantaSlic.' ' 1 said.
"\Ve
found
a destroyer
captaul
who
un
hi'
~hip
ttground
three
lime\. \Ve gavc: him
che
~; holee
of o
~>ourt·marua l
or
h.eadm~
up all na–
"al
shtp-handhng, 1ratn1ng
pro–
~ram)
m
1he Middle
East ••
"tt
e was a good
cho•c~.
••
1
JJ,reed ··Aren·¡
you
tnstructtng
a
lol
or
.1\rabs
tn
antltanlc:
wañatc....
-or
couro;.e:. bu1
wt
ha'c
an
e-~ ·
ooloncl tn chll!< of lb< program
..-ho
has
never known ho"'
to
"\CI
a
fu.\c Whcn
he
~a..~
in t.he
U.S.
Arn1y.
h1~
outfil blew up 400 :tnll·
un~
gulU b<fore
lite
shells lcrt
1he1r
b.urets:·
..\Vhcre
do
you
find 11\t"'-é
p(\)ple?"
1 ttllked.
"\Ve
have
J
computcr 1h,11
c;1n
1>roducc a fou l-up in a matlcr of
)COOnds.
lf
"'C
want
a radar
man
to
traln lrOOJ.» m thé
u~e
of
:mt1;,m
cr:an
nH~)iles.
we just punch
m
and
WC
get our m.a.n.
We
jUSl g<WC OUt
a
conuact
10 an u-major who
~hot
~o""
14
or
our
o~
o
planes
dunn!
mancu,ers
las.t
}Ur.
Our
lead•n¡
clc<IIOnK.-....
c'~rL
an
ex-general
b1c~
thc
cntu1b
on
aH
our
SAC
commun•cauons S:)Slcm
for
48
hnur'-
He " now Jm!alhng 'nmlar
')•tem!.
a11 along
the
Pcruan
Gulr.--
··vou
pe:ople :trc reall\' on thc
hall.'~
1...atd wi1h
udmiraiiÓn.
Muldoon
wa~
very defcn.M\-C
"E\·Cl')"One
crmcrzes
us
for
chc:.e
lr:ttn1ng
program~.
a.nd they
Jon"t
th1nk
we know
what
we~rc
dving.
Ou1.
lili len,
wc·re. not a bunch
or
rathcad~.
Do vou
believc
we"d
do
anythtn!
that
·would endanger our
own
mahtarv forces?"
.., hope
nO
t.··
1 \atd
"Gu.:...
~
who
1.$
tn
eharge of
wnt•
tng oall the tC'Chmc·al milit.tr} manu ·
••~
"-C"
scnd
abroad':
"T<II
m•-
-chlford lrvmg.-·
o
UNCLE SAM
WANTS
ou
NOW
-st
·-
~-
5