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EUROPE
IN 1556
:Hoty
1\_onu1n 'Empire
6outuíary
D
Lanás
lnfieriteá
6y
PlíiCip II
D
Lmufs infieriw!
&y
1"cráinattá
I
D
Ottonum 'Empire
D
<jemutn
attá
otfter semi–
úuíepenáe:n.t. states
1273:
'Lftc
yennan
princes
dwosc
:'{lj!Íolf
of :HiWs6ur9
(top)
a.s
'l(i.ng.
1\.W>9ni.wf
6y
tite
:l'opc. ftc
ls
tftc first
:rfabs6ur9
:Hofy 1\Qmon
'Empcror.
1493·1519:
'Emperor ?.faxi–
miCimt
I
of :rfabs6ur9
(a.&o,~)
fonns
o
senes
of
cúfiances
tha.t
strcn9tften
tftc
'Empire
in
Jocc
of
nn
(.)t
tomo
tt
t
h
re
a
t.
1520 : Cftorfes
V
of.J-Ca6s6ur9 .
i$
~rdwueá
Gcnna.n
'Xi.tf9,
aná
in
153'0
ls
crownci 'Etnpcror
6y
1'ope Cfemcnt .
Cftorfc.~.
9rrotest
of
:rfabs6ur9
T.mpcrors,
rufts
owr
a
vnst
9fo6aC
cmpin:.
J-fis
Ji9ftt
to
uniJY
it
refi9iousfy
attá
pofiticaify
Jaifs,
oncf
fte
a6áicotes in1556, áivid–
itt9
ftls
rrofm
6etween
ftis
son,
Pftifip l!,
attá
tiis
6rotfter,
rercíinattá
l.
1517:
1.1nrtin
Ltttftcr
(a6o~,
top)
in
tfte
popufar splrit oJ
t(u
.~ruti$srutce
opcnfy
critici.u..~
cormpt
practices
in
tftc
Cfturcft.
1521:
Pope
Leo
X (a6ovc)
cxcommuttica.tes
Lutfter,
which
onty
spaás
tfte
Ptotesta.ttt
'Jtefor–
ma.tion,
resufting
in
\"CCSt
rcáuc–
tion
of
nutfwrity
of
6otft
Pope
cmcf
'!:mpcror.
e~fofuu:s
15
56:
Ott
tfte n6cfica.tion
of
C(tarfts
V,
ft.i$
6rother, 1"crcÍi·
rtattá
1 (
top),
recei
~
tite
office
of
'Empcror
attá
1fabs6ur9
fntufs
111
centraf '!:urape.
diarfts'
son,
Phifip
11,
rcai~
ruft
of
Spain,
tite
~Ftcrfntufs
attá
parts
of
Jtafy.